If kidney disease persists and gradually worsens, its final form may be uremia.
Uremia means that kidney function is severely damaged and there is no way to recover. It can only rely on dialysis or kidney transplantation to continue living.
I believe many people have heard of uremia. Is this a what disease?
End stage of chronic kidney disease
To say uremia, one must first understand chronic kidney disease.
Chronic kidney disease refers to the abnormality of kidney function or structure, which lasts for more than 3 months. At present, about 200 million people in China suffer from chronic kidney disease.
When renal function problems occur, the main manifestation is that the ability to expel toxins decreases.
In actual diagnosis and treatment, doctors will use the index of creatinine to evaluate the severity of kidney damage.
It was chosen because creatinine:
- Production is relatively constant-few factors can affect creatinine production; Excretion fixed-99% creatinine is excreted from the kidney; The content is almost unaffected by drugs.
Therefore, doctors can estimate the excretion capacity of the kidney as long as they know the creatinine values in blood and urine and combine the age, sex and weight of the patient.
According to different excretion capacity, doctors divide kidney function into 5 stages. Uremia is the end stage of chronic kidney disease.
Unfortunately, it cannot be recovered.
Any cause of complete kidney damage can lead to uremia.
The most common cause of uremia is diabetes. In addition, chronic glomerulonephritis, hypertension, arteriosclerosis and other diseases are also common causes.
In addition, external force injuries such as car accidents, trauma, surgery and food and drug poisoning may also be the causes of chronic kidney disease.
What I want to emphasize is that once it is determined that the renal function is completely damaged due to chronic injury, no matter how much medicine and [treatment] are taken, it is impossible to revive the kidney. After kidney atrophy, it is impossible to grow up again. Don’t trust any treatment that claims to help kidney regenerate.
Symptoms of abrasion
Chronic kidney disease in the early stage usually has no obvious symptoms and only gradually appears in the later stage.
Because the early symptoms are not obvious, uremia will give people a feeling of dialysis as soon as it is discovered. If it progresses to the stage of uremia, discomfort will manifest itself.
In general, The most common are edema, hypertension, anemia and hyperkalemia. There are also gastrointestinal symptoms. Including not wanting to eat, nausea, vomiting, stomach distension, acid regurgitation, or diarrhea, constipation, etc. In addition, there are many patients will feel skin pruritus, general fatigue or muscle soreness. Some patients will also feel that both legs are particularly uncomfortable and have no place to put them. This condition is called restless leg syndrome.
One of the most painful and dangerous symptoms is hypervolemic heart failure. Severe dyspnea, suffocation, and excessive expectoration. Imagine the feeling after running 1,000 meters quickly.
If dialysis is not carried out at this time, life is in danger at any time.
Daily life needs [less] [quiet]
Patients with chronic kidney disease should regularly monitor renal function, record daily urine volume, drink water volume, control blood pressure, correct anemia, etc. The above can be basically done as long as regular follow-up, timely medication and reexamination are carried out in the specialized outpatient department of nephrology.
At ordinary times, we should also pay attention to diet control and avoid overwork and infection.
The diet of patients with chronic kidney disease can be summarized in one word: less.
Low salt, low fat, a small amount of high-quality protein diet, more attention should be paid to avoid eating a large amount of high potassium and high phosphorus food. Almost all vegetables and fruits contain potassium, which cannot be completely avoided, so pay attention to a small amount. Do not take supplements and medicines at will. In particular, traditional Chinese medicine and supplements with unknown ingredients should be avoided as much as possible.
Exercise in patients with chronic kidney disease can also be summed up in one word: quiet.
Strenuous exercise, such as long-distance running, mountaineering, swimming, long-distance cycling, etc., should be eliminated. Because muscle metabolism is vigorous, more metabolic waste will be generated and kidney burden will be increased.
It is suggested to take a slow walk.
Dialysis is required during this dialysis.
Strict attention to lifestyle, regular follow-up visits, taking medicine on time, Is to delay chronic kidney disease patients into dialysis stage of the three magic weapons. Control well, disease progress pretty, can later to uremia period. In this process, don’t abandon yourself, also don’t rush to the doctor. At the same time, psychologically to do dialysis preparation, never escape from reality.