Blood lipid, I believe everyone is familiar with, also know high is not good, but which indicators are the most critical to vascular health? To avoid cardiovascular diseases, should what control measures be taken? Many friends still don’t understand. We will introduce in detail the important indicators of blood lipid and the measures to control blood lipid.
4 Important Indicators
Blood lipid, is in the blood cholesterol, fat, etc., if blood lipid is not normal, it will lead to the deposition of fat plaque on the blood vessel wall, that is, atherosclerosis. This kind of pathological change will increase the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and thrombotic diseases. Therefore, it is very critical to understand one’s own blood lipid level and maintain normal blood lipid.
The method of checking blood lipid is to draw blood for examination. There are 4 key indicators:
- Total Cholesterol (TC) Triglyceride (TG) High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C) Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-C)
How often do you check your blood lipid?
The frequency of blood lipid check is related to age and health status:
It is suggested that adults aged 20-40 should measure blood lipid at least once every 5 years.
Men over 40 years old and postmenopausal women are tested for blood lipid once a year.
Patients with coronary heart disease and high-risk groups have blood lipid tests every 3-6 months.
Which are the high-risk groups for coronary heart disease?
- People with hypertension, diabetes, obesity and smoking; Familial hyperlipidemia patients; Close relatives have a history of early onset cardiovascular diseases.
Do you want to pay attention to what when checking blood lipid?
Blood lipid is greatly affected by diet. In order to know the real blood lipid level most accurately during the examination, the following matters should be paid attention to before the examination:
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2 weeks before the examination, maintain normal eating habits, do not overeat and deliberately diet;
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No strenuous sports activities were carried out the day before the examination;
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Don’t eat for 12 hours before the inspection. Generally speaking, it is OK not to eat breakfast on the day of the inspection.
Should we pay attention to what in our daily life?
Dyslipidemia is closely related to diet and lifestyle. Diet therapy and lifestyle improvement are the basic measures for the treatment of dyslipidemia.
No matter whether or not to choose drug lipid-regulating therapy, we must insist on controlling diet and improving lifestyle.
Diet
Limiting the amount of saturated fatty acid and dietary cholesterol and increasing the intake of dietary fiber are conducive to reducing total cholesterol and LDL-C, and are conducive to vascular health.
The main measures include:
- The staple food is mainly cereals and potatoes. Increase the intake of fresh vegetables and fruits, and ensure at least one kilo of fruits and vegetables every day; Eat more mushrooms and beans rich in dietary fiber. Drink less or no sugary drinks, eat less sugary snacks and snacks, and put less sugar and honey when cooking.
Restrict drinking
There is not enough evidence as to whether drinking can protect cardiovascular system, but drinking can affect cholesterol metabolism and increase TG level. Alcohol is also very harmful to the liver.
People with dyslipidemia advocate abstinence from alcohol.
Multi-movement
5 ~ 7 days a week, each time for 30 minutes of physical activity, at least 200 kCal per day on exercise.
Quit smoking
The hazards of smoking and second-hand smoke have been mentioned many times. If you have difficulty quitting smoking, you can choose a smoking cessation clinic and ask a doctor to help you quit smoking.
Lipid-regulating drug
Patients who have been diagnosed with coronary heart disease, or patients with high risk of coronary heart disease, in addition to improving lifestyle accidents, should take lipid-regulating drugs for a long time under the guidance of doctors to stabilize blood lipid and reduce the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular accidents.
Hypertension is a high-risk factor for coronary heart disease, and the index for controlling blood lipid is stricter than that of others. Never think that you do not need to take lipid-lowering drugs just because there are no arrows on the test form.
People with dyslipidemia who need lipid-lowering treatment must regularly review the blood lipid level to understand the therapeutic effect and avoid the side effects of drugs.
For dietary and non-drug therapy patients, the blood lipid level should be reviewed within 3-6 months. If the blood lipid control reaches the recommended target, non-drug therapy should be continued, but the review should still be conducted every 6 months to 1 year. Long-term compliance can be reviewed once a year.
People taking lipid-regulating drugs need more rigorous blood lipid monitoring:
- For those who take statins lipid-regulating drugs for the first time, their blood lipid, transaminase and creatine kinase should be reexamined within 6 weeks after taking the drugs. If the blood lipid can reach the target value and there is no adverse drug reaction, the blood lipid should be gradually reexamined once every 6-12 months. If the blood lipid does not reach the standard and there is no adverse drug reaction, it should be monitored every 3 months. If the blood lipid still does not reach the target value after 3-6 months of treatment, the dosage or type of lipid-regulating drugs should be adjusted or combined with lipid-regulating drugs with different mechanisms of action should be applied for treatment.