Sexually transmitted diseases, as the name implies, It is a group of infectious diseases that use sexual behavior as the main route of transmission. In 1975, sexually transmitted diseases (STD) were used to replace the traditional sexually transmitted diseases (VD), which refers to diseases closely related to sexual contact or caused by similar sexual behaviors. Previously, STDs were mainly considered as syphilis, gonorrhea, condyloma acuminatum, genital chlamydia trachomatis infection, AIDS, etc. Now trichomonas, hepatitis B and other diseases can also be transmitted through sex and are also classified into STD.
Sexually transmitted diseases are a secret to most people, Even many people will equate sexually transmitted diseases with AIDS, resulting in serious fear, which is actually unnecessary. Most sexually transmitted diseases are preventable, treatable and controllable. STD phobia originates from ignorance or a little knowledge of sexually transmitted diseases. Therefore, it is very important to master correct knowledge of sexually transmitted diseases, which is also the original intention of our writing this article.
Introduction of common venereal diseases
In addition to AIDS, common venereal diseases in life include syphilis, gonorrhea, condyloma acuminatum, genital herpes, etc. Here are some common venereal diseases.
I. Syphilis
Syphilis is a venereal disease caused by Treponema pallidum. The clinical manifestations are varied, Known by dermatologists as “omnipotent imitators”, Easily confused with other diseases. Early syphilis mostly occurs within two years of infection, with strong infectivity, while late syphilis mostly occurs after two years, with weak infectivity. Because everyone’s body immunity and treatment are different, clinical symptoms are also different, and many patients have no symptoms. Only through laboratory examination can they find that they belong to latent syphilis.
II. Gonorrhea
Caused by gonococcus infection, gonococcus can invade urethra, vestibular gland, endometrium and fallopian tube, and can move to joint cavity, pericardium, conjunctiva and other places, showing acute suppurative inflammation, urinary system symptoms, causing frequent urination, urgency of urination, pain of urination, endocarditis, encephalitis and the like, women will have a large number of purulent secretions,
3. Condyloma Acuminatum
Condyloma acuminatum is caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) type 6 and 11 infection. Small papillary nodules with the size of rice grains often appear on vulvar skin or mucosa, which gradually increase or fuse with each other, and become cauliflower-like or cockscomb-like hyperplasia after becoming large. If not treated in time, malignant transformation may occur.
Four, genital herpes
Genital herpes is caused by herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection, syphilis and chancre, and is mainly caused by HSV. Pruritus and pain will occur at the onset site, followed by erythema, papules, blisters and ulcers. It can recover by itself, but it is easy to recur.
What are the ways of infection?
1. Sexual transmission: Most sexually transmitted diseases are transmitted through sexual contact, and homosexual or heterosexual sexual intercourse is the most important mode of transmission.
2. Indirect contact transmission: It is relatively rare, because many pathogens have limited survival time in vitro. Gonorrhea, trichomonas, syphilis, etc. can be infected through close contact, such as using unclean towels, bathtubs, bathtubs and other public goods, acupuncture, kissing, etc. may also be infected with syphilis.
3. Blood-borne transmission: Enter infected blood or blood products, such as syphilis, AIDS, hepatitis B, etc.
4. Vertical transmission from mother to child: After the mother is infected, the intrauterine fetus will also be infected, and newborns will be infected during delivery or lactation, such as syphilis, gonorrhea, condyloma acuminatum, AIDS, etc.
5. Iatrogenic transmission: Medical staff fail to protect themselves and medical devices fail to disinfect, which will also lead to infection.
Daily life and work contacts, such as shaking hands, eating and hugging, do not infect sexually transmitted diseases.
The most effective way to prevent sexually transmitted diseases is, first of all, to have safe and hygienic sex, to be clean and not to have promiscuous sex. Secondly, after finding venereal diseases, we should actively treat them. Do not go to public places to bathe before cure, infected clothes should be thoroughly cleaned and disinfected, and family toilet bowls should be thoroughly disinfected after each use to avoid infection of children and non-contact patients. Pay attention to frequent hand washing in daily life, especially after defecation. Finally, when going to the hospital, you must choose a regular hospital to reduce the probability of iatrogenic infection.
With these phenomena, you may have been infected with sexually transmitted diseases.
If there are suspicious vaginal secretions, abnormal urethral secretions, rash, genital ulceration, blisters, groin lymph node enlargement and other suspicious venereal symptoms, you must go to the hospital in time.
If there are no symptoms at ordinary times, but there are multiple sexual partners, frequent change of sexual partners or same-sex sex and other unsafe sex, you should go to the hospital regularly for examination.
What are the common misunderstandings about venereal diseases
Are you susceptible to sexually transmitted diseases when staying in hotels?
Most pathogens causing sexually transmitted diseases become very fragile once they leave the human body and cannot survive in vitro for a long time, so the probability of contact infection in vitro is not high. Secondly, the disinfection measures for regular hotel supplies are still in place. Don’t be afraid of all hotel supplies because of the unqualified behavior of some hotels. Choose a regular hotel and stay several times, so it won’t be so easy to get sexually transmitted diseases.
Of course, if there is a wound on the skin or mucous membrane that happens to come into contact with a living pathogen, it may indeed cause infection through the wound. In addition, there are many pathogens that cannot penetrate the skin, and the only way to infect is to touch the hands, so it is more important to wash hands after finishing the toilet.
Wearing a condom won’t infect sexually transmitted diseases?
Condoms are an effective way to prevent sexually transmitted diseases, but the use of condoms cannot guarantee 100% protection from sexually transmitted diseases for the following reasons:
1. Condom use method is incorrect, product quality is not up to standard or has passed the shelf life.
2. Not all sexually transmitted diseases are transmitted through sexual contact.
Although wearing condoms cannot completely avoid contracting sexually transmitted diseases, research shows that the correct use of qualified condoms can greatly reduce the infection rate of sexually transmitted diseases and strongly advocate the use of them. After all, when it rains, even if the umbrella has a small loophole, it is better than not having an umbrella. This truth is not difficult to understand.
How to treat
Can venereal diseases be cured?
Apart from AIDS, most venereal diseases can be cured, syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia, etc. can be completely cured, condyloma acuminatum and genital herpes can be clinically cured (clinical symptoms disappear without affecting life).
How should I seek medical treatment if I suffer from venereal diseases?
After suffering from venereal diseases, go to the venereal department of the hospital in time. Regular treatment and regular reexamination are very important. Do not listen to folk remedies and secret methods, or increase or decrease drugs without authorization, or think that they have been cured and refuse reexamination. This will delay treatment and cause repeated illness.
Inform the sexual partner in time, check together, and treat at the same time when abnormalities are found. Sexual behavior is prohibited during treatment.
Sexually transmitted diseases are social diseases, In the past, when antibiotics were not available, It is a widely circulated problem around the world. Now people’s attitudes towards sex have changed. In particular, the popularity of the view of “sexual liberation” has led to a sharp rise in the incidence of sexually transmitted diseases. Although most sexually transmitted diseases are not terrible, many people do not know enough about sexually transmitted diseases and do not take sufficient measures to prevent and protect themselves. This is very terrible. If they are infected with sexually transmitted diseases and do not treat them in time, it is even more wrong.
The human body has no lifelong immunity to sexually transmitted diseases. After being cured, it may still be infected again. Maintaining a healthy sex life, avoiding dangerous behaviors and promiscuous behaviors, and correctly using qualified condoms are all effective measures to prevent sexually transmitted diseases.