Rare amniotic fluid embolism, Can always be brought to the public’s field of vision by one or two news. Each is thrilling, No wonder the girls around me all say [it’s terrible to have children] [what if I dare not have children]. According to the statistics of the World Health Organization (WHO), About 800 women worldwide die every day from complications related to pregnancy or childbirth. In 2013, 289,000 women died during and after pregnancy and childbirth. The figure sounds terrible, but there is another sentence: [Almost all these deaths occurred in low-resource areas, and most of them could have been prevented.]
What interventions are effective?
I. Delaying the Age of First Birth
Adolescent girls face a greater risk of pregnancy complications and death than older women, Girls under the age of 15 have the greatest risk of maternal death. Recently, friends who went to the prenatal examination said that they can always see underage girls, but they are still worried about them. The legal age for marriage in the country has certain significance. I also hope that female friends are prepared for pregnancy, instead of being caught off guard by new life.
Two, do a good job in the screening and management of infectious diseases
Infectious diseases are mainly AIDS, syphilis, other sexually transmitted diseases and malaria. In countries where syphilis is prevalent, Prenatal syphilis screening combined with penicillin treatment can reduce the risk of death from syphilis (82%), premature delivery (64%) and syphilis-related neonatal death (80%). There is little evidence that screening and treatment of other reproductive tract infection diseases can reduce the occurrence of premature delivery (45%) and low birth weight infants (52%).
Three, do a good job in the intervention of basic chronic diseases and pregnancy-related diseases
Chronic diseases are mainly hypertension and diabetes. Hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy (including pregnancy hypertension, preeclampsia and eclampsia) is the second leading killer of maternal deaths in the world. Gestational diabetes affects up to 15% of pregnant women worldwide. About 60 million women of childbearing age have type 2 diabetes mellitus. Gestational diabetes mellitus increases the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes for pregnant women. Intensive dietary advice, monitoring and drug treatment management for gestational diabetes mellitus can reduce the risk.
Four, ensure nutrition during pregnancy
Malnutrition during pregnancy is one of the risk factors for small for gestational age infants. General nutritional interventions include dietary recommendations for pregnant women, special micronutrients for malnourished pregnant women and balanced protein energy. Pregnant women who are overweight or gain too much weight in early pregnancy are advised to use a low-energy diet prescription. Iron deficiency is the most common cause of anemia during pregnancy. Supplementation of iron and folic acid is a common preventive measure. However, In view of the lack of multiple micronutrients in women of childbearing age around the world, doctors recommend a combination of iron, folic acid supplements and multiple trace elements to reduce the occurrence of small for gestational age infants. During pregnancy, calcium supplementation for people with low calcium intake can reduce the risks of pregnancy-induced hypertension, preeclampsia and premature delivery.
Five, do a good job in prenatal inspection
1. Height and weight This is a basic item. Doctors will estimate whether your weight is too heavy or too light through the ratio of height and weight. The growth of the fetus can also be indirectly detected through weight testing. Too much increase is prone to complications and the heart is overburdened. Too little increase will lead to insufficient absorption of nutrients by the fetus, Affect the normal growth of the fetus. Friendly reminder: don ‘t stop eating just to weigh yourself, In addition to the doctor’s special notice for blood tests, The prenatal examination is still good to eat. 2. Blood pressure and blood pressure are also the necessary items for each prenatal examination. High blood pressure is one of the symptoms of pregnancy-induced hypertension. It usually happens in 20 weeks, It will affect the development and growth of the fetus. Therefore, blood pressure should be measured for each examination. See if there is an increase in basal blood pressure, To predict or observe whether pregnant women will suffer from pregnancy-induced hypertension. Friendly reminder: Don’t be too nervous when taking blood pressure, Otherwise, the measurement results will be affected. 3. Uterine height and abdominal circumference are also required for prenatal examination. It is used to estimate the intrauterine development of the fetus. If there is no change in uterine height for 2 consecutive weeks, Suggest to go to the hospital immediately. 4, edema examination pregnancy, Because of the enlargement of the fetus and the increase of amniotic fluid, Lower limbs are prone to edema. This is not a disease. But edema is also one of the manifestations of hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy. Therefore, it is necessary to distinguish clearly whether it is edema during pregnancy or edema caused by pregnancy-induced hypertension. Friendly reminder: It is recommended to wear socks when going to the examination. It is convenient to wear and take off. 5. Blood examination. Blood examination, Usually the first prenatal examination is the most detailed, Includes many projects, Such as liver function, renal function, blood type (ABO), giant cell, rubella, toxoplasmosis virus infection, syphilis screening, If you want to keep cord blood and have an HIV test, That is, HIV examination. In order to have good prenatal and postnatal care, It is necessary to do these examinations. Fasting examination in the morning is the most suitable. 6. B-ultrasound is usually done three times. The main purpose is to check the fetal structure, eliminate abnormalities and determine the fetal position. Be sure to remember that it is not good to have more. In fact, as long as you listen to the doctor’s advice, you don’t have to worry too much. Do a good job in the above five points, the mortality rate of pregnant women will be much lower. The mental health of parturients will obviously affect the health of mothers and infants, so everyone is not worried about the risk of giving birth to children, it is better to do a solid job of intervention measures to reduce the risk of childbirth.