I. Male Condom
Male condom, abbreviated as “penis condom”, is a bag-shaped contraceptive tool made of latex or other materials (such as fish skin, sheep intestine, hemp or polyurethane, etc.), which is sleeved on male penis during sexual intercourse to block semen from entering vagina and play a physical barrier role. At present, the penis condom made of latex is widely used at home and abroad.
What are the types?
According to diameter and nominal width, it can be divided into: extra small size: diameter 29mm, nominal width 45 ± 2 mm; Small size: diameter 31mm, nominal width 49 ± 2 mm; Medium: diameter 33mm, nominal width 52 ± 2 mm; Large size: 35mm in diameter and 55 ± 2 mm in nominal width.
According to the thickness, it can be divided into: local thickening type (type A 0.36 mm, type B 0.28 mm, type C 0.20 mm, type D 0.12 mm); Common type (0.04-0.06 mm); Ultra-thin type (0.03 mm); Thin type (thickness between ordinary type and ultra-thin type).
According to the shape, it can be roughly divided into: common type, tip swelling, glans penis type, concave-convex type, corrugated type, etc.
According to whether it contains drugs, it can be divided into: common type, double insurance type (including spermicide nonanilol ether), health care type (including antibacterial disinfectant), etc.
According to the color can be divided into: ordinary type (natural color), color type (green, green, black, red, reddish, milky white, violet, etc.).
According to whether it contains lubricant, it is divided into dry type (excluding lubricant) and wet type (including lubricant).
Applicable population:
Penile condom is suitable for people of childbearing age of all ages, especially for newly married men suffering from heart, liver, kidney and other diseases. The change measures are still in the adaptation stage and are likely to spread STIs (including human immunodeficiency virus HIV).
Advantages:
1) Penis condom is the most effective contraceptive method in barrier contraception. It is convenient to obtain and use.
2) Penile condom can avoid the contact of external genital organs and secretions of sexual intercourse and prevent the passage of human immunodeficiency virus HIV, herpes virus, hepatitis B virus, cytomegalovirus and chlamydia trachomatis to a great extent. The relative risk range of sexually transmitted STIs for men using penile condom is 0 ~ 0.51, and that for women is 0.11 ~ 0.87.
3) A few women are allergic to their spouse’s sperm or semen, and rash or other allergic reactions occur after sexual intercourse. Penile condom can avoid such allergic reactions.
4) The application of penis condom for 3 ~ 6 months can reduce the titer of anti-sperm antibody for immune infertile couples with female anti-sperm immune reaction, and some women can get pregnant as a result.
5) Long-term application of penis sleeve can prevent cervical intercervical edge, thus reducing the occurrence of cervical cancer.
6) During sexual intercourse in the third trimester of pregnancy, the use of penis condom can reduce the possibility of infection through uterine cavity.
Disadvantages:
1) It cannot be controlled by women themselves. For some women, the contraceptive effect provided by the penis condom may not be as good as that provided by the vaginal diaphragm, vaginal sponge and vaginal condom.
2) Reproductive injury caused by STIs could not be completely covered by the penis cuff.
3) Possibility of adverse outcomes: accidental pregnancy, condom rupture, condom slippage, vaginal bleeding, vaginal pain, etc.
How to use it correctly?
Use a new set at a time.
When using it for the first time, you can select a number. If it is not suitable, change to a large or small size.
Before use, air should be blown to check for leaks, and the small capsule at the top of the condom should be pinched to remove air. Place the rolled condom on the penis head and push the condom to the root of the penis. After ejaculation, before the penis softens and shrinks, press and hold the cuff and withdraw from the penis at the same time.
How effective is contraception and whether there are side effects?
The annual pregnancy rate for correct and continuous use is less than 3%. If the common penis condom is used in combination with other methods, such as external spermicide and natural contraception, the effect will be greatly improved.
Adverse reactions:
1) Affect sexual pleasure.
2) Affect sexual intercourse in some cases. For example, some men above middle age tend to decline in sexual function, erection disappears after wearing penis sleeve, and it is difficult to erect again in a short period of time.
3) skin irritation, mostly cause by fragrances and lubricant; Allergic reactions are caused by proteins in latex and can be re-contacted (e.g. Local stimulation) or at locations far away from the contact point (e.g. Rhinitis, conjunctivitis, asthma, etc.). Very rare cases can endanger life (e.g. Smooth muscle contraction, blood pressure drop and dyspnea).
Precautions in Use
Not applicable:
1) A small number of men or women who are allergic to latex are not suitable for using latex penis condom.
2) A small number of people who are allergic to spermicide are not suitable for using double-safety penis sleeve.
3) It is not suitable to use penis condom for a few male penis who cannot maintain erectile state.
Note:
1) Every sexual intercourse must be used. It must be worn at the beginning of sexual intercourse. It should not be used until ejaculation is felt. A small amount of sperm is often discharged with secretions before ejaculation, which is easy to cause accidental pregnancy.
2) The penis sleeve within the shelf life must be used. Once it is opened, it must be used, because latex products are easy to be exposed to air, sunlight or under the action of warm heat, and the strength is easy to weaken.
3) The penis sleeve is used to store semen and should not be sleeved on the penis head.
4) Avoid scratching or scratching fingernails or rings when using penis sleeve.
5) Usually no lubricant is needed (because lubricating silicone oil has been added during packaging). If it is needed, water-soluble preparations such as glycerin, egg white, K-Y jelly, etc. should be used.
What are the common problems when using?
1. Condom rupture:
Reasons-long sexual intercourse, improper use of lubricant and wrong use, etc.
Handling-Stop sex immediately, the woman takes a squatting posture, immediately plug the vagina with contraceptive plug/tablet or take emergency contraceptive measures within 72 hours.
2. Condom slippage:
Reasons-incorrect use, less experience, etc.
Treatment-Stop sexual life immediately, wash fingers, extend into the vagina and take out the condom. Replace the condom and then have sexual intercourse. If the condom slips into the vagina after ejaculation, the treatment method is the same as the condom rupture after taking out the condom.
Approved by FDA in 1995, single polyurethane was used as the raw material to make thinner and more sensitive condoms. Transparent, tasteless, slightly larger, does not tighten penis, rarely allergic. Compared with traditional latex condoms, in theory, it also has the advantages of tenacity, heat resistance, moisture resistance, easy storage, good uniformity, small possibility of small holes, not easy to be damaged by oily lubricants, close to natural appearance and feeling, comfortable wearing, low degree of influence on sexual pleasure, etc.
Scientists Developed New Hydrogel Condoms in 2015, According to reports, It’s a tough, elastic polymer, It is mainly composed of water. It is added with an antioxidant extracted from plants. It has the characteristics of anti-HIV virus. If an accident occurs and the condom breaks, the antioxidant will be released to prevent the replication of HIV virus. And this antioxidant also has certain sexual arousal effect, which can maintain penis erection and enhance the pleasure degree during sexual intercourse. The use experience is more pleasant than that without condom.
Second, female condoms
Female condoms, Abbreviated as vaginal condom, It is a soft, loose bag made of polyurethane (which can also be latex). Compared with the general latex sleeve, the thermal conductivity and toughness are better, 15 ~ 17cm in length. A flexible ring with a diameter of 7cm is connected at the opening. called the “outer ring”, An “inner ring” with a diameter of 6.5 cm was also dissociated from the cuff, The bottom of the sleeve is completely closed, When used, it will cling to the end of the vagina. The outer ring is larger and thinner, When in use, it will always be placed outside the vaginal opening to block the direct contact between the root of the male penis and the female vulva when acting, The vaginal condom is coated with an inert lubricant with dimethylsiloxane as the main raw material and has no killing effect on sperm, which can make the male penis move freely in the condom when acting, and the user can also cooperate with various liquid agents to increase excitement to increase pleasure.
It was approved by FDA in December 1992. At present, the trade names of vaginal condoms that have been used are Reality, Femidom and Femy. Polyurethane and latex female condoms developed and produced in China have been put on the market for sale.
Applicable population (vaginal condom contraception can be selected after excluding the following contraindications):
1) Vaginal tightness, genital tract malformation or genital tract tumor.
2) II degree uterine prolapse, vaginal anterior and posterior wall swelling more than moderate.
3) recurrent urinary tract infection.
4) Acute inflammation of genital tract has not been controlled.
5) allergy to vaginal condom.
Advantages:
1) Can make sex life more interesting and feel safe.
2) little allergy and almost no irritation reaction.
3) high strength and low breakage rate.
4) can be placed in advance before sexual intercourse, does not affect flirting before sexual intercourse, and does not affect the whole process of sexual intercourse.
5) As that vaginal condom is loose, the condom can cling to the vaginal wall, has good heat transfer property, does not tighten the penis, does not restrict the activities of the penis, and does not affect the pleasure in sexual intercourse.
6) Women’s own control and control.
7) The vaginal condom has an outer ring, which partially covers the external genitals and prevents ulcerative infection of genitals, such as herpes and chancre, etc., which is more effective than male condoms.
8) The vaginal condom covers all the vaginal mucosa. Compared with the contraceptive methods such as vaginal diaphragm, contraceptive sponge and cervical cap, which only cover the cervical mucosa, STIs is more perfect in preventing sexually transmitted infections.
Disadvantages:
It is not easy to put into the vagina and is more complicated to use than the penis condom. New contraceptive tools have a process of gradually being recognized and accepted by people.
Proper use method
1) Open the package and take out the vaginal sleeve. If necessary, add some lubricant into the sleeve and rub it gently to make the lubricant evenly distributed in the sleeve.
2) Take the standing position with one foot stepping on the stool, or the squatting position with two legs separated, the kneeling position with knees, or the lying position.
3) The inner ring is located at the bottom of the sleeve (closed end). Before placing, some lubricant can be added to the outside of the bottom of the sleeve.
4) Hold the inner ring on the outside of the sleeve with thumb, food and middle fingers, and gently squeeze it. The outer ring (the open end of the sleeve) naturally droops.
5) gently separate that labia with the other hand, push the inn ring of the vaginal sleeve up along the posterior wall of the vagina and place it into the vagina.
6) place that upper edge of the inner re above the pubic bone with the indicating finger, i. E. 6-9cm into the vagina.
7) The outer ring covers the vulva, which can be used for sexual intercourse. If necessary, some lubricant can be added to both sides of the exposed part of the vaginal sleeve.
8) after sexual intercourse, hold that out ring, rotate it for 1-2 weeks, gently pull it out, and discard it.
The vaginal condom can also be placed with the help of the husband in the same way as above, except that women need to take the supine position. Another method of use is to take out the inner ring and put the vaginal condom on the penis, such as the male condom.
How effective is contraception and whether there are side effects?
Contraception: The annual pregnancy rate for correct and continuous use of vaginal condoms is 5%. Some laboratory studies show that polyurethane vaginal condoms can prevent microorganisms (including HIV) of sexually transmitted diseases STDs from passing through. Vaginal condoms can prevent phages smaller than hepatitis virus (only 1/4 the size of HIV) from passing through.
Side effects: Unsanitary use can cause reproductive tract infection.
Note:
1) Pay attention to hygiene, and do not place the seal at will to avoid abrasion or pollution.
2) Use it every time you have sexual intercourse, and do not reuse it.
3) It is normal to feel the outer ring moving during sexual intercourse, so don’t worry.
4) If an inner ring is felt, it is usually due to the fact that the inner ring is not placed deep in the vagina (above the pubic bone).
5) If the outer ring is felt to enter the vagina, or the penis enters the vagina from below or on the side of the vaginal condom, stop sexual intercourse, take out the vaginal condom, add some lubricant, and place it again.
6) To avoid semen backflow, please take out the condom before getting up.
7) Do not use penis condom and vaginal condom at the same time, it is easy to slide or tear due to friction.
What are the common problems when using?
1. Do you need to use additional lubricants in what?
The penis is dry and cannot enter or leave freely. Make a noise when acting; Feel the presence of condoms when acting.
2. What if the vaginal condom is ruptured or slipped?
Immediately stop sex, take out the vaginal condom, the woman is squatting down, immediately plug the vagina with contraceptive plug/tablet or take emergency contraceptive measures within 72 hours.
Select the appropriate model, confirm the shelf life and packaging, properly store, carefully read the instructions, avoid opening the packaging with violent sharp instruments, correctly wear condoms, grasp the correct use time, and correctly use lubricating products. The more patterns, the greater the risk. Condoms cannot be reused.