China’s hepatitis B carriers have more than 100 million people, that is to say, every 10 people have one hepatitis B virus carrier. Mother-to-child vertical transmission is an important transmission route of hepatitis B transmission. Many women with chronic hepatitis B virus infection are always worried about whether they will infect their children with hepatitis B virus when they are pregnant.
Next, let’s talk about the matters needing attention in pregnancy of hepatitis B infected persons. And how to block the transmission between mother and infant to the greatest extent. Hepatitis B is generally transmitted from mother to baby through three ways. Delivery transmission is due to fetal skin, mucous membrane abrasion or placental injury during delivery. Causes the virus in the mother’s blood to spread to the newborn through the crevasse. In this process, the infant is most likely to be infected with hepatitis B virus and has the highest probability of infection. Intrauterine transmission Infants are infected by exposure to hepatitis B virus in the uterus. The infection rate of intrauterine transmission is less than 3%, which is mostly found in pregnant women with active virus replication in the body. Postpartum transmission mainly refers to the infection caused by the baby swallowing milk with virus during breast feeding, or the newborn swallowing a small amount of mother’s blood due to the wound on the mother’s nipple. What should be paid attention to during pregnancy? Before women with chronic hepatitis B virus infection plan to become pregnant, Liver function should be examined by a specialist, If the liver function is normal, you can get pregnant. If the liver function is abnormal, Should take medicine first, After liver function is normal, The drug should be stopped for at least 6 months, And the liver function remains normal, Before you can get pregnant. After pregnancy, Care should be taken in the use of various drugs, Liver function must be checked regularly, Especially in the first and third trimester of pregnancy. Review at least once every 1 ~ 2 months. If there are obvious abnormal manifestations such as fatigue, anorexia, dark yellow urine, yellowed eyes, You should go to the hospital in time. New research shows that Hepatitis B immunoglobulin injection during pregnancy has no effect on preventing mother-to-child transmission. Cesarean section can be considered to reduce mother-to-child transmission in normal delivery. However, recent research shows that, After regular prevention, There is no significant difference between cesarean section and natural delivery. If the pregnant woman does not have other contraindications for natural delivery, Vaginal delivery should be preferred. Postnatal vaccination is very important. Full-term newborns must be injected with hepatitis B immunoglobulin in time after birth and vaccinated with hepatitis B vaccine in the whole process (1 dose each for 0, 1 and 6 months. A total of 3 injections). Premature infants must be injected with hepatitis B immunoglobulin within 12 hours after birth. It needs to be injected again after an interval of 3 ~ 4 weeks. Usually 4 doses of hepatitis B vaccine are required: The first dose was given after birth, One shot each at 0, 1 and 6 months from the expected date of delivery. If the birth weight is less than 2.5 kg, The first dose of hepatitis B vaccine should be vaccinated when the weight reaches 2.5 kg. In addition, it should be noted that: If the mother is not infected with hepatitis B virus, But there are other chronic hepatitis B infected people in the family, And if it is possible to have close contact with the newborn, Newborns had better also be vaccinated with hepatitis B immunoglobulin. After regular prevention, Breastfeeding Available WHO Report: After regular prevention, Breastfeeding does not increase the risk of newborns contracting hepatitis B virus. New mothers infected with hepatitis B virus, Breastfeeding can be carried out normally, There is no need to check the hepatitis B virus content in milk, However, good hygiene habits such as washing hands and cleaning nipples before lactation should be formed. After vaccination, children need blood tests to be followed up. Check whether there is hepatitis B virus infection, And whether there is hepatitis B virus antibody, The time is 1 month (i.e. 7 months old) to 1 year old after the third dose of vaccine. If the blood test results show that the child’s hepatitis B virus antibody is weak, One more shot of vaccine is needed. As long as preventive measures are taken and vaccination is strictly carried out, the transmission between mother and child can be blocked. All mothers can give birth to healthy babies.