Topic: Kent Brantley recovered from Ebola and was discharged from hospital to hug medical staff.Two American medical workers who were infected by treating Ebola patients in Africa have recently recovered and been discharged from hospital after careful treatment. So, do they have the immunity to Ebola virus? Experts are careful to say that they should have the immunity to the type of Ebola virus they are infected with, the most ferocious Zairian type, but there is no guarantee. The immunity to other types of Ebola virus is unknown. Why not verify it? No, because the danger is too great, It is also immoral. The current Ebola pandemic, The survival rate of infected persons was 47%, In other words, There is less than half of the chance of survival. So how can we become the 47%? How did the two Americans recover? It’s hard to say, It is still difficult to determine in the future. One of them received the serum of the cured person. They also received experimental drugs, And received state-of-the-art medical care, It is hard to say that it was what that caused them to recover. The Ebola epidemic, From the beginning, the sensational death rate was 90%, Up to the present 53%, Illustrated a problem: The importance of medical care. Although there is no effective treatment, But through high-quality medical care, It can save the lives of many or even most patients. This has been repeatedly proved in virulent infectious diseases such as yellow fever and bird flu. In the past, the death rate of Ebola patients in epidemic areas was high. It is because the medical level in the epidemic area is very poor. At present, the global cooperation, All efforts are made to provide medical care for Ebola patients, The death rate of Ebola patients will drop further, This is due to international assistance, It is the result of the dedication of doctors from all over the world, including Chinese doctors, who risked their lives. One of the major reasons for the rampant Ebola in Africa is the low level of medical care and poor hygiene. Therefore, it is very likely that the two American patients will benefit from advanced medical care. This is the first and most important point in the survival guidelines after Ebola. Whether the cured person has immune ability, Evidence is that antibodies that neutralize the Ebola virus are present in the serum of the cured, Under the present circumstances, Giving infected persons this serum is a last resort, However, it has not been proved to be effective by any tests. So far, There is no information on the recovery after re-exposure to the Ebola virus, It is not certain whether they really have immunity, It is also impossible to know whether this immunity can be targeted at other types. Immune function also seems to have some effect in the fight against Ebola. Ebola virus is somewhat similar to HIV. Infection kills CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes. If the immune function of the infected person is strong, Under the Ebola attack, If there are still many CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes left, The patient has a better chance of survival. On the other hand, if the immune function is out of control, The virus releases inflammatory molecules, Causing capillary rupture, blood pressure drop, multiple organ failure and death. There also seems to be some correlation at the genetic level. A 2007 study found that different variations in human leukocyte antigen B are related to the survival rate of Ebola patients. People with B*07 and B*14 variations have higher survival rates after Ebola infection. However, people with B*15 and B*65 mutations have higher mortality rates after infection with Ebola virus. What is even more surprising is that a gene mutation called NPC1 can achieve tolerance to Ebola virus in vitro experiments. Will not be infected, Human cells with this mutation will not be infected by Ebola virus, However, no human tests have been carried out. The ratio of this variation among Europeans is 1: 300 to 1: 400, It can be said to be quite low. But among the residents of Nova Scotia in Canada, it reached 1: 10 to 1: 26. The place is far enough from the Ebola endemic area, This mutation is not related to the evolutionary screening of Ebola epidemic. There is no research data on NPC1 mutation in Africans. All of the above are very dangerous. If it doesn’t work, it may be life-threatening. The most important thing in Ebola survival guidelines is prevention. Do everything possible not to be infected by Ebola virus. The most reliable prevention is vaccine. But Ebola vaccine has not yet been developed. In fact, for this regional epidemic of virulent infectious diseases, Vaccination is not necessary, One example is yellow fever. With an effective vaccine for yellow fever, However, the death rate from yellow fever is also very high. It is prevalent only in parts of Africa and the Americas, Therefore, there is no universal vaccination against yellow fever. But if you go to the epidemic area, you will be vaccinated again. Although there is no Ebola vaccine yet, Just don’t go to the epidemic area. Although Ebola virus is fierce, its transmission ability is not strong. Experts think it is unlikely to spread by plane. Moreover, the health measures to prevent Ebola are relatively simple. It is OK to take measures such as not contacting patients’ body fluids, not contacting wild animals including primates and bats, and washing hands frequently.