Hypertension is not a [scourge]. As long as we follow a reasonable lifestyle and scientific and effective management and treatment methods, the vast majority of hypertension can be [tamed]. How do hypertension patients need to pay attention to the [little monster] of hypertension?
Heart, brain, kidney, eyes, peripheral arteries, etc. are the [prey] that the [little monster] of hypertension likes to aim at most. However, blood pressure that cannot be effectively controlled for a long time can cause a series of pathophysiological changes in these organs and blood vessels in the body, thus causing a series of clinical symptoms and complications.
Therefore, we should regularly review our health status at ordinary times and not give [little monsters] any chance.
Regular health check-ups
For middle-aged and elderly patients with hypertension with a long medical history, they should have 1-2 [routine + selective] physical examinations every year as far as possible, especially for patients with more unhealthy lifestyles and poor blood pressure control, they should pay more attention to health examination, and the examination interval can be carried out according to the advice of the doctor.
What about Cha what? Here are some inspection recommendations for reference.
Basic Items
It is similar to the physical examination items of ordinary people and can be used as routine examination items. It is recommended that every hypertension patient should be examined.
- General situation: height, weight, abdominal circumference, lifestyle; Blood pressure measurement; Blood biochemistry: blood potassium, fasting blood glucose, blood lipid, uric acid and creatinine; Blood routine urine analysis: urine protein, urine sugar, urine sediment microscopic examination, etc. Electrocardiogram.
According to different parts, there are also different items that can be selected for examination. It is best for everyone to choose suitable examination items under the guidance of community doctors or specialists and in combination with their own conditions.
Heart
Possible complications: ventricular hypertrophy, coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, chronic heart failure, etc.
Recommended items: 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, echocardiography and chest X-ray examination.
Brain
Possible complications: cerebral hemorrhage, ischemic stroke, transient ischemic attack, lacunar infarction, cerebral microaneurysm, etc.
Recommended items: (enhanced) brain CT or brain MRI.
Kidney
Possible complications: renal artery embolism, hypertensive renal sclerosis, diabetic nephropathy, renal function damage or chronic renal failure, etc.
Recommended items: urine protein quantification (for those with positive protein in routine urine examination) and urine albumin quantification (required for diabetic patients).
Eyes
Possible complications: retinal arteriosclerosis, retinal exudation and hemorrhage, optic disc edema, etc.
Recommended examination: ophthalmoscopy.
Note: Before the physical examination, the drugs being taken cannot be stopped by themselves. Even if the taking time needs to be adjusted, it should be carried out under the guidance of the doctor.
Pay attention to abnormal symptoms at ordinary times.
At the same time, hypertension patients should also understand that health examination is only a means to preliminarily evaluate our blood pressure control and physical health in the past period of time. We must not ignore some abnormalities [alarms] shown by our bodies just because there are no abnormalities in one or two examinations, because sometimes [little monster] has a very cunning fighting strategy.
Common abnormal symptoms of hypertension patients include:
Brain
Dizziness, headache, nausea, vomiting, disturbance of consciousness, sensation or movement, etc.
Heart
Chest pain, palpitation, fatigue, shortness of breath or dyspnea, ankle edema, etc.
Kidney
Polyuria, nocturia, hematuria, etc.
Peripheral arterial disease
Fingers and toes are cold, and pain and limp will occur when walking for a long time.
Eyes
Blurred vision, etc.
Especially when the above symptoms or other discomfort symptoms occur many times in a short period of time, even if the symptoms are mild, one should not be careless and go to the hospital in time. It is likely that hypertension is already causing damage to these organs.
Regular follow-up
In addition to physical examination, it is suggested that hypertension patients should also go to specialists regularly to learn about blood pressure control and adjust drugs.
Each patient’s condition is different, and there is no fixed review period. According to the severity of the condition, the patient can return to the clinic once every 1 ~ 3 months. If it is a patient who has just found hypertension, the control level is not up to standard and the blood pressure is unstable, it is better to return to the clinic every 2 weeks.
During the follow-up visit, pay attention to bring the previous case data, the drugs taken, and record the blood pressure for one week, so that the doctor can evaluate the disease condition and adjust the next treatment plan.
In the middle of winter, the weather is cold and the temperature changes greatly. Patients with hypertension should pay special attention to avoid causing hypertension emergencies. They should regularly monitor their blood pressure, pay attention to rest, control diet, relax their spirit, and go to the hospital in time in case of discomfort.