Case 2: 43-year-old Teacher Zhu is a university professor. Six months ago, I had an academic argument with people at work. Later, insomnia occurred, It is suspected that the unit leader intentionally opposes her. Every time I finish my meal in the canteen at noon, I feel dizzy, my hands are swollen and my throat is blocked. The leader is suspected to have poisoned the food. In the past month, On the way home, I felt that the unit had sent someone to follow me. Some people hurt themselves. Go to the hospital to see a doctor, suspecting that the leader colluded with the doctor to prescribe poison to harm himself. Think that the body was broken down, once went to major hospitals to seek medical treatment, and the examination results were all normal. Finally, under the strong request of his family, he sought the help of a psychiatrist and was finally diagnosed as schizophrenia. Is this mental illness? Do you need to see a doctor? Common psychiatric diseases include depression, schizophrenia, anxiety, etc. The above two cases, There are some changes peculiar to psychiatric diseases, Specifically, there are the following types: 1. Change of character [suddenly like a different person], This is the description of the patients by many family members of patients with mental illness. If a person’s temperament changes greatly in a certain period of time, especially when the following situations occur, one should be alert to whether he suffers from mental illness. Suspicion, random reasoning and judgment, think that the people around him are hard to get along with himself, feel that they are being followed or monitored, and think that others are talking about himself. The opposite sex who is sentimental and thinks irrelevant likes himself. People who have good academic performance and personal habits, Suddenly became a drop in grades, untidy, lazy life, etc. The symptoms of the university teacher in the second case at the beginning of the article are very typical. If a similar situation occurs, it is best to see a doctor as soon as possible. 2. Emotional abnormality is a very common mental and psychological symptom. Some people show that they are unhappy all day long, do not like to take a reason, are not interested in what they originally like, and feel that living is boring. Some people are in high spirits, feel particularly good about themselves, and feel that they can do anything. Some patients may laugh for no reason, but their expressions are indifferent. Or for no reason nervous, afraid, etc. 3. Neurasthenia or physical discomfort some psychological problems first affect the body, causing headache, insomnia, dreaminess and easy awakening, menstrual disorder, burnout and fatigue and other similar manifestations of neurasthenia; Or the body repeatedly occurs discomfort but cannot find out the reason, such as abdominal pain, dizziness, chest pain, chest tightness, even limb weakness, etc. 4. Symptoms such as abnormal delusions and hallucinations of behavior and actions may cause patients to have some puzzling abnormal behaviors. For example, shouting at the air, muttering to oneself, and doing puzzling actions; Or his movements are numb and slow, rigid and mechanical, standing and waiting for no reason. Why is it that he is ill? The etiology of mental diseases is very complex, mainly involving genetic, physiological, psychological, social and other aspects. Only when many factors are added together can diseases be caused. 1. Genetic factors Genetic factors play an important role in the onset of mental diseases. The possible risk of schizophrenia for the immediate family members (parents, brothers and sisters) of schizophrenia patients is 10 times that of the general population. 2. Psychological factors Some personality characteristics, such as loneliness, sensitivity and paranoia, bizarre thoughts but lack of logic, good fantasy, etc., are risk factors for schizophrenia. 3. Psychological trauma such as bereavement, widowhood and catastrophic events are also one of the risk factors for mental diseases. 4. Common social factors include family environment influence, family economic status, social competition and interpersonal relationship, whether family relationship is harmonious, whether social security system is perfect, etc. 5. Physical Factors Certain diseases (such as poisoning, brain trauma, hypoxia, etc.) can directly lead to the occurrence of mental diseases. In addition, some drugs, drugs and even alcohol abuse may promote the occurrence of mental diseases. Where can I find a doctor if I feel uncomfortable? If you feel uncomfortable, Should go to regular medical institutions in time, Don’t be secretive about medical treatment, Or believe in superstition and delay treatment, Leading to immeasurable consequences. Formal mental illness treatment institutions all have mental illness practice licenses issued by the state. Details can be found in the health and family planning committee affiliated to the institution. At present, the medical institutions that treat mental diseases mainly include various provincial and municipal psychiatric hospitals, Ankang, Minkang or special care hospitals affiliated to the public security/civil affairs military system and psychiatric departments in general hospitals. How do doctors treat psychiatric problems? If it’s confirmed, It is better to start treatment as soon as possible, There are two kinds of treatment: inpatient treatment and outpatient treatment. Common treatments include, Drug therapy, psychotherapy, physical therapy, rehabilitation therapy, etc. Among them: 1. Drug Therapy Drug Therapy is currently the most important treatment method. At the beginning of medication, Some patients may have some side effects, Common ones include dry mouth, constipation, dizziness and fatigue, unstable walking, blurred vision, etc. These are normal reactions during medication. Patients should feedback these conditions to doctors in time. Doctors can also take some measures, Minimize these side effects. Psychotropic drugs take effect relatively slowly, Generally speaking, it takes more than a week to take effect, So wait patiently. In the process, Doctors and nurses will constantly observe the improvement of patients’ conditions. And then adjust the type or dosage of medication. After the treatment plan is determined, After a period of consolidation treatment, This stage is critical, Be sure to stick to it. 2. Inpatient treatment Most patients can use outpatient treatment. If some patients need hospitalization, There is no need to think of the wards as horrible scenes of [iron bars, iron ropes, iron fences]. In fact, the management mode of mental illness wards is constantly improving towards a more humane direction. Some hospitals have achieved open management, This is similar to the ward management mode of internal medicine and surgery. Patients can also go out for activities while receiving mental illness treatment in the ward. A small number of patients with severe mental disorders, For example, those who have the behavior of wounding or self-injury or have a greater potential risk of wounding or self-injury, It is necessary to accept closer management by medical staff in totally enclosed wards. This management mode is conducive to helping patients through the initial critical period of the disease. Try to avoid all kinds of wounding or self-injury behaviors. After the condition is stable, you can transfer to the open area in time. Or go out to a relatively loose ward, So that patients can have more opportunities to go out for activities. Do not reduce or stop taking drugs without authorization. Mental illness is easy to relapse, However, as long as the medicine is taken regularly and regularly, Don’t stop taking drugs and reduce drugs at will, Regular follow-up visits, After standard treatment, the symptoms of most patients can be controlled. Take common depression as an example: Most depression patients have a good prognosis, Only a few patients have prolonged the course of the disease. Recurrent attacks. Whether depression recurs or not, With the first depressive episode, Whether the treatment is timely and thorough is closely related. The first depressive attack, Patients whose symptoms are relieved after taking the medicine, The medication should be maintained for 6 months to 1 year, Instead of stopping the drug immediately after relief, Otherwise, it is easy to cause recurrence. The prognosis of anxiety disorder is also often better. After treatment, The vast majority of patients will recover. Special attention should be paid to: When the symptoms are relieved, It is suggested to take the medicine for about 1-2 years. Consult a doctor first when stopping taking the medicine and adding or subtracting the dosage. Never adjust your medication plan, So as not to aggravate the disease. Although schizophrenia develops slowly, It is often delayed and cannot be cured. However, about one third of the patients can still be clinically cured or basically cured. The ability to work is close to the pre-disease level, Able to take care of oneself in daily life. In daily life, People have many prejudices and misunderstandings about mental diseases. Such prejudices and misunderstandings have seriously affected the normal medical treatment of patients with mental diseases. They and their families are burdened with a heavy [sense of shame]. These will delay the best stage of disease treatment. As a result, the illness has become more and more serious, even leading to irreparable consequences. In fact, patients with mental illness are not as terrible as imagined. Most of them can work and live normally after regular treatment. I hope that through our introduction, we can let everyone know that mental illness is not horrible and can help people in need.
