Once naive, I thought that IVF was a baby that grew up in a test tube.
Doctors pour the nutrients into the test tube on time and according to the amount every day, and the baby slowly grows up, just like raising fish in a fish tank.
I believe many friends have the same misunderstanding. In fact, if you think about it carefully, IVF is definitely a much more complicated technology than imagined. Otherwise, how can only a few hospitals in every city have relevant qualifications? Today we will learn about IVF with you.
Did IVF grow up in test tubes?
Of course not!
IVF is to combine sperm and egg in test tubes to become fertilized eggs, and then send TA (a new small life fertilized in vitro) back to the mother’s uterus through embryo transfer, so that TA can develop and mature in the uterus and give birth normally from pregnancy to full term.
If you find it difficult to understand, you can imagine that there is a problem with a flower in the forest and there is no way to bear fruit. Doctors temporarily planted it in flowerpots and moved it indoors for care. After confirming that the fruit can grow healthily, they transplanted the flower back to the forest.
Is there only one test-tube baby?
People often say [IVF] is a general term. In fact, there are several kinds of IVF:
1. IVF
IVF: In vitro fertilization, commonly known as the first generation of IVF.
IVF refers to the process of conception in which eggs and sperm are taken out of vitro (in the laboratory of the reproductive center) and cultured into fertilized eggs, which are then transplanted back to the female uterus. The first generation of IVF technology is mainly suitable for infertility caused by women’s problems and mild to moderate oligospermia and asthenospermia caused by men.
Similarly, flowers and fruits are used as metaphors. It seems that in windy and rainy weather, pollen cannot fall on the stamens, so people take down the pollen in the greenhouse and sprinkle it on the stamens artificially so as to produce fruits.
2. ICSI
ICSI: Intracytoplasmic sperm injection, commonly known as the “second generation test-tube baby”.
ICSI is an artificial method to select the most active sperm and inject it into egg cells for pregnancy. This method is mainly aimed at patients with severe oligoasthenospermia.
It’s as if the pollen is less or immature, and the stamens cannot contact qualified pollen. People take out the pollen, select the healthiest pollen one by one, and put it in the stamens.
3. PGD
PGD (preimplantation genetic diagnosis) is the gene diagnosis before embryo transfer, commonly known as “the third generation test-tube baby”.
PGD is before the embryo is transferred back to the mother’s uterus, Microscopic techniques are used to remove one or two cells from the embryo, and then the DNA in the cells is analyzed to select the embryo that best meets the eugenic conditions and does not carry genetic diseases and implant it into the mother’s body. This method is mainly suitable for couples with chromosomal diseases and some special circumstances.
It can be imagined that a sick plant may bear unhealthy fruits. People make it bloom more flowers by artificial means in the greenhouse, remove unhealthy flowers and keep healthy flowers to breed fruits.
Is it suitable for all people who cannot conceive children to be [IVF]?
Of course not.
The first thing to do is to find out the cause of the inability to conceive and know whether it is necessary to be a [test-tube baby]. Some people have difficulty in pregnancy just because of some common diseases. If they can be cured, they can usually conceive the child smoothly. If they cannot be cured, they will consider being a test-tube baby.
In addition, according to the requirements of laws and regulations, only legal couples who have obtained a birth certificate can be IVF.
What is the success rate of [IVF]?
The success rate of [IVF] depends on many factors, such as age, uterine and ovarian conditions, whether there are other diseases and endocrine conditions, etc. The success rate varies greatly, generally speaking, it is about 40% ~ 50%. For women with infertility caused by tubal problems, young women with good ovarian function, the success rate of IVF will be relatively high.
Among these reasons, the influence of women’s age is the most significant, especially after women are 40 years old, the quality and quantity of eggs will decline, and the success rate will plummet to 10% ~ 20%, while once they are over 45 years old, the success rate is even less than 10%, so the treatment of infertility must be done as early as possible, preferably not more than 35 years old.