Now, more and more sugar lovers know the importance of exercise to control sugar, but not everyone knows the way of scientific exercise. Next, let’s talk about the rehabilitation exercise of diabetes. Sugar lovers should exercise in how? A preliminary assessment should be made before the exercise. Divide sugar lovers into two levels, Sugar lovers can look at the following table to take their seats accordingly: the ideal exercise mode for low-risk sugar lovers is light to moderate intensity aerobic exercise. This exercise mode can obviously improve the body’s sensitivity to insulin and improve cardiovascular function. The exercise center rate should not exceed 60% ~ 70% of the maximum heart rate (maximum heart rate = 220-actual age); The output state of this movement is comfortable speed. Take a deep breath, But can speak. Refer to the following table for exercise: High-risk sugar lovers cannot take exercise without authorization, Cardiovascular motor function assessment should be carried out in the hospital. Based on the assessment, Exercise under the guidance of medical personnel. Exercise modes with different diseases 1. The exercise intensity of sugar lovers with retinopathy should be mild to moderate. You can choose walking, cycling and Taijiquan. Due to the risk of vitreous hemorrhage and retinal detachment, Diving and breath-holding exercises should be avoided. 2. Sugar friends with kidney disease are not taboo either. But should give priority to medium and low intensity exercise. Avoid high intensity exercise, Prevent excessive elevation of blood pressure, This will lead to an increase in the level of microalbumin in urine. 3. Sugar lovers with diabetic foot should choose aerobic exercise with low joint stress on upper limbs and trunk. The rhythm of exercise should be slow and the intensity should be low. Wear fit and comfortable sneakers and socks when exercising. Before and after exercise, check the foot for new injuries. 4. Sugar lovers with cardiovascular diseases can only do moderate and low intensity exercise. Due to the possibility of autonomic neuropathy and the use of receptor blockers, Heart rate may not be an effective indicator of exercise intensity, You should go to the hospital for exercise endurance test and ECG exercise test. Determine the cardiac ischemia threshold, So as to determine the safe heart rate range during exercise. In addition, you should also avoid exercising in extremely hot and cold environments. Adjustment of drugs during exercise. Sugar lovers who take diet control and oral insulin sensitizers (such as glitazone) usually do not cause hypoglycemia during exercise. There is no need to adjust drugs or add meals. Sugar lovers who take insulin-promoting hypoglycemic drugs (such as sulfonylureas and glinide) should adjust their dosage and diet according to exercise response. Sugar lovers who inject insulin should strictly monitor and adjust their blood sugar before, during and after exercise. Prevent hypoglycemia. The daily exercise time and intensity of sugar lovers should be relatively fixed. Daily insulin and oral doses should be adjusted according to exercise intensity and duration. Follow [from large dose to small dose], [from coarse adjustment to fine adjustment] adjustment method, For example, taking part in long-term sports, For example, for all-day hiking, the dose of insulin before going to bed by 50%, the dose of insulin before going to bed on the day of exercise and the dose of insulin after exercise should be reduced by 30% ~ 50%, and the dose of insulin before going to bed on the day of exercise should be reduced by 10% ~ 20%. Large dose: high intensity/long-term exercise usually requires reducing the dose of insulin before going to bed by 50% or considering suspending oral medication; Low dose: low intensity/short-term exercise, insulin or oral dose can not be adjusted; Everyone’s exercise is different, Blood sugar levels can be monitored during exercise, Adjust the insulin dose under the guidance of the doctor, Individualize the medication plan. Management of Common Complications during Exercise Common complications during exercise are hypoglycemia and cardiovascular events. Hypoglycemia (≤ 3.9 mmol/L) during hypoglycemic exercise is more common in type 1 diabetes. In this case, exercise should be stopped immediately. Eat 30-50 g of carbohydrate, Rest for at least 15 minutes before resuming exercise to allow food to be absorbed, You can eat repeatedly, Exercise cannot be resumed until the blood sugar is > 5.5 mmol/L. Sometimes, due to the depletion of glycogen due to exercise, Sugar lovers have severe hypoglycemia, No response to oral food, Don’t hesitate, Immediately send to the emergency room of the hospital. Sugar lovers are advised to exercise 1 ~ 3 hours after insulin injection and eating. And the blood sugar range should be 5.5 ~ 13.9 mmol/L before exercise. When going out for exercise, you should carry a blood sugar meter and some candies, biscuits, cakes, etc. So as to eat in time when hypoglycemic reactions such as palpitation, shaking hands and hunger occur. If the exercise takes a long time and takes a lot of effort, Eat some snacks every 30 minutes. Excessive exercise may lead to delayed hypoglycemia hours after exercise or at night. If bedtime blood sugar is less than 7.0 mmol/L, It indicates that hypoglycemia may occur, Then eat some carbohydrates before going to bed. In addition, remind sugar lovers, When you go out, you should carry your diabetes identification card with you. And noted that in case of unconsciousness, Please put the candy in your pocket into your mouth or send it to the emergency room of the hospital for rescue immediately. Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events may include angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, cerebral hemorrhage, sudden death, etc. Chest tightness occurs during exercise. Squeezing pain in precordial region, even radiating to neck, jaw (chin), arm, back and stomach, shortness of breath, sweating, chills, nausea, vertigo, consciousness disorder, fainting and other symptoms, should be judged to have occurred cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events. At this time, if coronary heart disease angina pectoris attacks, nitroglycerin can be taken first; If the blood pressure rises significantly, nifedipine can be given sublingual administration. If the heartbeat and breathing stop, cardiopulmonary resuscitation should be carried out immediately, and an ambulance should be called immediately. Editor: yidan
