0 ~ 7 days is when the baby is separated from the mother, The beginning of living alone. For novice parents who have just changed roles, How to take care of the baby is often a strange new knowledge. The growth and development status can reflect the baby’s nutrition, health status, Remind Baopa and Baoma in time to pay attention to whether their baby care and feeding methods are correct. Therefore, the following is a talk about the characteristics and laws of baby growth and development in 0 ~ 7 days, providing reference for Baopa and Baoma in evaluating the baby’s health status.
Normal range of growth and development
The fetus depends on the mother for survival, so the mother’s physical condition and living activities during pregnancy have a great influence on the newborn’s physical condition.
The range of normal body length and weight of infants from 0 to 7 days old
| 女婴 | 44.7～55.0 | 2.26～4.65 |
The state of physical development
1. Changes in form and appearance
(1) Head and face
You may notice a number of scattered small blood spots in your baby’s eyes. But don’t worry, this is the same as the elongated head shape of the baby, which is caused by vaginal compression during childbirth and will disappear automatically in a few days.
However, if the baby’s head is accompanied by subcutaneous edema, parents should be careful. Do not let your long nails or hard objects scratch the edema site to avoid infection. In general, edema will subside in 6-10 weeks.
(2) Skin
After the birth of the newborn, many precious mothers found that the child’s skin has a little peeling phenomenon. This is actually because the fetal fat on the body after birth is dried and washed, and the skin is directly exposed to the air. It is a normal process that every newborn has to go through, so no treatment is needed.
It is worth noting that the baby’s skin is delicate. During the fetal period, the baby’s nails will grow to the edge of the fingers. If scratches are found on the child’s body, the baby should be trimmed in time to prevent the baby from scratching himself.
2. Changes in body function
During this period, the changes in the baby’s physical function are mainly reflected in the baby’s departure from the mother’s body, eating, excreting and sleeping by himself.
(1) Breast milk intake
The newborn baby will have more difficulty in nursing, and will want to eat in 2-3 hours. The demand for nursing is more frequent.
- This is because the sucking muscles on the cheeks of the newborn baby are not fully developed, In addition, breast-feeding is indeed a technical activity that needs to be made skillful. As babies grow up, breast-feeding will become easier and easier. On the other hand, the stomach of the newborn within 7 days of birth is only the size of a grape grain. The reason why babies have frequent sucking needs is because their stomach volume is small and the stomach empties quickly.
Therefore, don’t worry, the above are normal phenomena.
In particular, During this period, many parents mistakenly think that the secretion of breast milk is insufficient or the baby is too weak to suck. Because they are afraid of starving their children, Feed the baby sugar water, milk powder and so on to supplement. This method is actually very incorrect. Although the colostrum of the mother for 0 ~ 7 days is less, it is enough to feed the baby. At this time, adding other foods will weaken the interest of the baby in sucking breast milk and will not like to eat breast milk. Not only does the baby not enjoy the benefits of breast milk, but it is not conducive to the secretion of milk in the future.
(2) Confecation and urination
- Newborns should urinate at least once 24 hours after birth, Once a day later, As of the seventh day, The baby should urinate at least 7 times a day. The color of the baby’s urine should be light yellow transparent urine. If the urination frequency is low or the urine color is dark, It should be considered that the amount of breast milk is insufficient and needs to be increased. Newborns should excrete their first stool 24 hours after birth, and should excrete at least 3 times a day starting from the 3rd day. The color of the first two stool is usually dark green, very sticky, because it contains meconium. After the 3rd day, the color gradually turns yellow.
Novice parents should pay attention to observe the frequency and character of baby urination and defecation. If the newborn does not defecate or urinate within 48 hours, it is necessary to carry out further examination to judge whether there is abnormal or atresia of organ development. If the color of urine or feces is abnormal, or mixed with mucus or blood, it is also necessary to ask a doctor for examination and treatment as soon as possible.
3. Sleep
Newborns sleep more than 18 hours a day, and babies sleep soundly most of the day. Can you wake him up?
The answer is yes.
For newborn babies, if they sleep for a long time in the first few weeks and do not wake up on their own, they need to wake up and nurse.
In order to ensure that the child can eat milk 8-12 times a day, if the child does not wake up after four or five hours of sleep in a row, he needs to be woken up and fed.
Don’t wait for the baby to wake up crying before feeding him. If the baby cries because he is hungry, it means he is already hungry and miserable. At this time, the baby will be relatively difficult to appease.
Mothers can try to observe what’s little tricks when their babies are a little hungry and want to eat milk. For example, if you don’t sleep well, your body starts to move, you put your small hand on your mouth to suck, pat your small hand on your mouth, or spit out your tongue… These little tricks may all show that you are hungry. When the baby appears these little tricks, mothers should pay attention to whether it is time to nurse the woken baby.
In addition, the newborn’s respiratory tract is narrow and prone to asphyxia. Bao’s parents should pay great attention to the safety of the baby’s sleep.
- It is suggested that the baby and his parents sleep in separate beds. Supine position is the safest sleeping position. Babies should not have large pillows, plush toys, soft quilts and other items on the bed, which may cover the baby’s nose and mouth and hinder breathing. For newborn babies, hard mattresses with sheets and baby sleeping bags are safer choices.
Special physiological phenomena
Novice parents are often nervous, children appear any abnormal reaction, parents will be very anxious. However, if the baby of 0 ~ 7 days has the following 5 [seemingly abnormal phenomena], please don’t worry, because they are all [normal physiological phenomena].
1. Physiological weight loss
Newborns will not gain weight but will lose weight in the first few days of birth, which is called physiological weight loss. The decline will not exceed 10% of the birth weight, and the birth weight will be restored after 7-10 days.
2. Physiological jaundice
80% of newborns will appear skin yellowing in 2-3 days of birth, which is called physiological jaundice of newborns. Generally, 7-12 days will disappear on their own without treatment. However, if jaundice occurs within 24 hours of the birth of the baby, please check with a doctor in time to prevent the occurrence of pathological jaundice.
3. Breast enlargement
Found that the baby’s breasts have become bigger, Is it precocious puberty? No, Bao’s parents are worried too much. Boys and girls born 3-7 days ago, Sometimes you will find that your baby’s breast is swollen, the size is like a small walnut, and even some will secrete milk. This is a normal phenomenon affected by mother’s estrogen, and this symptom will disappear automatically in 2-4 weeks. Some old people advocate that children should be squeezed nipples at this time, which is a very dangerous practice and is easy to cause skin damage and infection of children’s nipples.
4. Mantis Mouth
Some newborn cheeks on both sides will have two small protrusions, commonly known as mantis mouth, is a normal physiological phenomenon. Some people think that mantis mouth hinders the child’s feeding and should be removed. But in fact mantis mouth consists of two fat pads, which is conducive to the sucking of children. Forcibly removed will cause infection, mantis mouth will generally disappear after weaning.
5. Horse Teeth
Some mothers said that I found that the baby had teeth when he was just born. This is actually a misunderstanding. The baby’s growth is not teeth, but [horse teeth]. Horse teeth are small protrusions of yellow and white rice grains on the upper jaw or gum of the baby’s mouth. It will recede naturally in a few weeks. The folk custom of [picking horse teeth] is very wrong and easy to cause infection.
Finally, it is especially necessary to remind parents that the growth of children is individual-specific and the growth rate is fast or slow. As long as the growth and development of children are within the normal range, there is no need to worry.