Coronary heart disease is no stranger to modern people.
Many people have heard of terms such as stent and bypass. Some relatives, friends and even themselves are patients with coronary heart disease.
Dr. Wang Su of the Department of Cardiology in Anzhen Hospital has to contact such patients every day. He is very deeply moved.
There are more and more people with coronary heart disease, but they still have not received enough attention. After consultation, the physical condition and daily living habits of many people will obviously increase the risk of coronary heart disease.
He would like to introduce to more people what kind of disease coronary heart disease is, what kind of people are prone to coronary heart disease, and how to prevent it.
There is something wrong with the blood vessels supplying the heart.
The full name of coronary heart disease is [coronary atherosclerotic heart disease].
The [coronary artery] here is a set of arterial systems responsible for supplying blood to the heart.
If the heart is the engine of the human body, the coronary artery is the oil pipeline of the engine. If there is a problem with the coronary artery, the heart will inevitably stop.
[Atherosclerosis] refers to plaques growing on the wall of coronary arteries. The substances in the plaques are like porridge, similar to scale growing in water pipes.
When the blockage is light, there may be no symptoms. However, as the plaque gets bigger and bigger and the stenosis gradually worsens, discomfort such as decreased activity tolerance and chest pain will occur.
If plaque slowly and completely blocks blood vessels, or plaque rupture causes acute coronary artery blockage, cardiac function problems will occur, even causing acute myocardial infarction, endangering life.
How can blood vessels grow plaques?
The pathogenesis of coronary heart disease is very complex, involving metabolism, heredity, environment and other aspects, and there is no single cause.
However, after years of research by epidemiologists and clinical medical workers, many risk factors of coronary heart disease have been identified. They are not necessarily the main culprit leading to coronary heart disease, but they can greatly increase the incidence probability of coronary heart disease.
According to this speculation, combined with clinical observation, coronary heart disease is especially fond of finding troubles for these four kinds of people.
A smoker
Smoking not only leads to lung cancer, but also greatly increases the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
Hundreds of toxic substances in tobacco smoke will damage cells in the inner layer of blood vessels, accelerate angiosclerosis and generate atherosclerotic plaques.
Angina pectoris may be caused in mild cases, and myocardial infarction may occur in severe cases.
Not only smokers but also non-smokers will be harmed by second-hand smoke.
As for what to do, it is very simple to quit smoking.
People with diabetes
The American Heart Association has put forward the concept of [diabetes is a cardiovascular disease] since 1999, which is widely recognized clinically at present:
Once diabetes is found, secondary prevention and treatment of coronary heart disease need to be started-not only sugar control, but also doctors should evaluate the specific situation to see if aspirin, antihypertensive drugs, lipid-lowering drugs, etc. are needed.
Because a series of oxidative stress reactions, insulin resistance, etc. will damage vascular cells in the blood vessels of diabetic patients, starting or accelerating the process of atherosclerosis of coronary arteries.
Moreover, the feeling of diabetic patients will not be as sensitive as that of ordinary people, and it is very likely that they will not be aware of chest tightness, chest pain and other symptoms caused by coronary heart disease. If something really happens, it may have reached a very serious level.
Diabetic patients must strictly control blood sugar and prevent coronary heart disease according to doctor’s advice.
A person who is overweight and obese
Think about whether you have hyperlipidemia, obesity and sedentary conditions.
For people with dyslipidemia and obesity, the metabolism of blood sugar and blood lipid will have problems, increasing the risk of coronary heart disease.
Those who are lean or have long-term exercise habits should not take it lightly, because metabolic system problems may also lead to dyslipidemia. Therefore, regular physical examination is especially important.
Once the level of cholesterol or low density lipoprotein is found to be increased, it is necessary to adjust living habits in time and take drugs under the guidance of doctors when necessary.
People with high blood pressure and high uric acid
Coronary heart disease also has some risk factors that are not easy to be paid attention to, such as hypertension, hyperhomocysteinemia, hyperuricemia, etc. People with these conditions are also prone to coronary heart disease.
This depends on regular physical examination to find out.
If you find any abnormalities in your physical examination and test indicators, remember to consult a professional doctor for help.
Attention should be paid to coronary heart disease and should not be taken lightly.
In short, men are more likely to suffer from coronary heart disease than women, while women are more likely to suffer from coronary heart disease after menopause due to the loss of estrogen protection than before menopause.
However, people with coronary heart disease in their relatives usually have a higher probability of suffering from coronary heart disease.
However, factors such as age and family history of diseases cannot be changed or controlled.
What we can do is to try our best to avoid the risk factors mentioned earlier and not to be these 4 categories of people. Even if there are chronic diseases, the risk of coronary heart disease can be reduced through active and careful control.
Balanced diet, moderate exercise, relieving pressure, maintaining a good mood, controlling chronic diseases and regular physical examination can help us stay away from the trouble of coronary heart disease.