March 7, 2015 21: At 00, [Chengdu’s Most Handsome Traffic Police] Qin Sihan left quietly. Last July, He was diagnosed with [T-cell lymphocytic leukemia/lymphoma], Since then, the microblog account [Qin Sihan] has attracted the attention of all sectors of society, He shared his feelings of fighting the disease with netizens in a humorous way through microblog, Many media and netizens left messages for him to interact and cheer him up. Qin Sihan was only 22 years old when he was diagnosed with [T cell lymphocytic leukemia/lymphoma], In less than a year, this young life left us. Before that, Luo Jing, Gao Cangjian, actor Cindy Lee and others had died of the disease. The disease will not let you go because of your age or appearance. While everyone regrets, it is necessary for us to have a deeper understanding of lymphoma.
What is lymphoma?
Lymphocytes are a type of blood cell, It is the cellular component of the lymphoid system. Lymphocytes have immune function. They can defend, kill or eliminate pathogenic bacteria, tumor cells, etc. in the body through their own killing effect or the production of antibodies (and immunoglobulins). Lymphocytes are divided into many subtypes. There are mainly two subtypes of T lymphocyte and B lymphocyte. Lymphoma is a group of malignant tumors originating from lymph nodes or other lymphoid tissues. It can be divided into Hodgkin’s disease (HD) and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL), Pathological examination showed pathological proliferation of lymphocytes and/or histiocytes. The cellular morphology of lymphoma is extremely complex, In the new WHO classification of lymphoma in 2008, There are 80 subtypes. Lymphoma patients are most typical of painless lymph node enlargement. The liver and spleen are often swollen, Late when these lymphoma cells invade bone marrow can appear anemia, thrombocytopenia and lead to fatigue, hemorrhage and other symptoms, white blood cell count can be reduced, patients are mostly complicated with low immune function. Patients in the late stage of the disease are mostly due to hemorrhage of important organs, infection is not easy to control and die. What is lymphoma/leukemia, is the two coexisting? Leukemia, As the name implies, it is leukemia developed from lymphoma. Clinically, it is usually called lymphoma when the focus is localized. The leukemia stage is characterized by the appearance of tumor cells in the peripheral blood when the disease spreads. Therefore, lymphocytic lymphoma and acute lymphocytic leukemia are different manifestations of the same disease. This condition can occur after radiotherapy or at the later stage of the disease. Its treatment is basically the same as leukemia. How does lymphoma occur? The etiology of lymphoma is still unclear, However, the theory of virus etiology has received much attention. 1. EB virus: Also known as human herpes virus type 4, This virus can cause malignant transformation of human B lymphocytes and cause Burkitt lymphoma. 2. Retrovirus: In 1976, Transcription virus HTLV I (human T-cell virus) has been found to be associated with adult T-cell lymphoma/leukemia in Japan. Another retrovirus HTLV II has been suggested to be associated with the pathogenesis of T-cell cutaneous lymphoma-granuloma fungoides. 3. Immune hypofunction and application of immunosuppressants: The body’s immune function determines the susceptibility to lymphoma. Any cause of immune decline is a risk factor for lymphoma. This includes a wide range. Autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus and Sjogren’s syndrome, Immunosuppressants used to treat some diseases, as well as long-term excessive fatigue, staying up late and excessive mental stress in daily life, can all lead to immune system dysfunction. In addition, exposure to radiation and chemical pollutants can also affect the immune system and may induce lymphoma. How to tear off the mask of lymphoma and find it early? The early symptoms of lymphoma [most likely to be disguised], Often appear hidden, It is not easy to detect. Because the lesion site and scope are different, The clinical manifestations are very inconsistent. The primary site can be in lymph nodes, It can also be found in extranodal lymphoid tissue, Such as tonsils, nasopharynx, gastrointestinal tract, spleen, bone or skin, However, it is manifested as local symptoms of corresponding parts, such as tonsil swelling, cough, dyspnea, abdominal discomfort, poor appetite, skin itching, local lump, and systemic accompanying symptoms include fever, fatigue, weight loss, night sweat, etc. When these symptoms appear and there are swollen lymph nodes, it is necessary to guard against lymphoma. Can lymphoma be cured? In fact, lymphoma is not terrible. At present, the treatment of lymphoma is mainly chemotherapy and local radiotherapy. The application of some targeted therapeutic drugs can significantly improve the therapeutic effect of lymphoma. Targeted therapy is to take changes in the characteristics of tumor cells as targets. While exerting stronger anti-tumor activity, Reduce toxic and side effects on normal cells. For example, anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, The application of Rituximab has significantly improved the cure rate of B-cell lymphoma. Therefore, as long as early detection, Standardize treatment, Most lymphoma can be cured. Clinically, the cure only refers to the complete disappearance of the patient’s symptoms and the positive signs found by the doctor’s objective examination after comprehensive treatment, the patient recovers certain labor ability, and there is no recurrence after continuous observation for 5 years or more. Hodgkin’s lymphoma accounts for 9% ~ 10% of lymphoma. It is a group of malignant tumors with relatively good curative effect. The long-term survival rate is also relatively high, If it can be treated scientifically in time, The 10-year survival rate can reach 70% ~ 80%, In other words, most patients can be cured. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma has many subtypes, Subtypes are different, Their treatment methods and cure rates are also different. Among them, the therapeutic effect of B-cell lymphoma is better than that of T-cell lymphoma. Qin Sihan, T-cell lymphocytic leukemia/lymphoma is one of the types with poor therapeutic effect, For this type of lymphoma with poor chemotherapy effect, Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is also bone marrow transplantation. Could be the only cure. Previously, Mr. Lee has also been reported to have diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, This type is one of the most common types of Hodgkin’s lymphoma, and the cure rate has also greatly improved. Coupled with his timely, correct and standardized treatment, he has defeated the disease. Therefore, we need to find and diagnose lymphoma early in order to strive for greater hope of cure. Are there any preventive measures for lymphoma? Lymphoma has no clear preventive measures, However, the following points can reduce the risk of suffering: 1. Avoid and control long-term chronic infection. 2. Avoid radioactive and chemical pollutants damaging the immune function of the body and repeatedly stimulating the lymphatic system. 3. Pay attention to proper exercise of the body. Life, diet rules, improve the body’s immunity and disease resistance. In order to avoid such regrettable things as Qin Sihan, so, from today on, you should cherish yourself more!