When the weather is cold, many people think: wear more clothes and be careful of catching a cold.
In fact, low temperature may also lead to or induce some other diseases.
Next, Dr. Clove will tell everyone one by one how to prevent and deal with these diseases.
1. Chilblain
The main causes of chilblain are cold and humid, but anemia, fatigue and local poor blood circulation (such as tight shoes and socks and lack of exercise) are also related to the occurrence of chilblain.
There is no particularly effective treatment for chilblain, only oral nicotinic acid and other vasodilator drugs, warm towel wet compress, olive oil external application and massage can relieve itching and pain.
Therefore, prevention is particularly important:
- Weak links keep warm: Chilblain mainly occurs in weak parts such as hands, feet and ears. Wear gloves and earmuffs when you go out. At the same time, Avoid tight pants/socks, Ensure smooth blood circulation at limb ends. Don’t be too busy warming the fire or soaking in hot water after suffering from cold: Many friends have the habit of warming the fire or soaking in hot water immediately after suffering from cold. In fact, it is easy to cause blood stasis and form chilblain. Moderate physical exercise: exercise can promote blood circulation, thus preventing chilblain. If the outdoor temperature is too low, you can exercise indoors and do housework is also a kind of exercise.
Step 2: A cold
In autumn and winter, more attention should be paid to cold and hot weather. For young people, catching a cold may cause sneezing and nasal congestion for a week or two. However, the immune function of the elderly decreases, and a common cold or viral cold may progress to pneumonia.
After entering winter, old friends must pay attention to keeping warm all over. Wear a mask when going out to avoid contact with other people with colds. However, friends who have the conditions can be vaccinated against influenza once a year.
3. Elevated blood pressure
Friends with hypertension all have this experience. Blood pressure will be relatively high in winter and relatively low in summer.
The possible reason for this phenomenon is that small blood vessels in the whole body will contract in cold environment, causing the volume of blood vessels to decrease relatively while the blood volume in the body will not change. This is like putting 1 litre of water into a 0.9 litre bottle, and the pressure will naturally increase.
Friends with hypertension should pay more attention to monitoring blood pressure in cold seasons and adjust drugs under the guidance of doctors if necessary.
4. Myocardial infarction, cerebral infarction
Statistics show that cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are more common in winter, which may be related to cold stimulation and elevated blood pressure.
Middle-aged and elderly friends should control their blood pressure and blood sugar as usual, quit smoking, and pay attention to the warning symptoms of myocardial infarction and cerebral infarction at the same time:
- Warning symptoms of myocardial infarction: chest pain, palpitation, syncope, fatigue and dyspnea. Warning symptoms of cerebral infarction: not fluent in speech and vague in articulation; The facial expression is asymmetrical or the face tilts to one side when smiling; The arm is unable to droop and cannot be lifted horizontally.
If the above warning symptoms occur and myocardial infarction and cerebral infarction are suspected, you must call 120 in time, and the sooner you get treatment and recovery, the better.
5. Joint pain
Osteoarthritis is a common cause of joint pain in the middle-aged and elderly people. Studies have found that changes in air humidity and temperature are related to joint pain. Sudden cooling is easy to induce joint pain. In addition, friends suffering from gout are also prone to joint pain after catching cold.
Middle-aged and elderly friends should not only pay attention to keeping warm all over their bodies, but also pay attention to keeping warm at joints such as knees and toes. Those who wear long Johns should put on long Johns in time.