As the saying goes, a journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step. In life, If a man has no feet, Then his range of activities and quality of life will be greatly limited. However, Without a pair of healthy feet, it is also impossible to complete flying, jumping, trekking, dancing, gymnastics and other difficult skills. According to data reports, the incidence of flatfoot in our country continues to rise, with 25% ~ 49% of teenagers belonging to flatfoot patients. So for flatfoot, a common plantar disease, we should know the following knowledge.
How are flatfeet formed?
What people usually call flat feet, Also known as flatfoot, It refers to the collapse of the arch of the foot. Destroy the normal arch structure, A disease that reduces the natural elasticity of the foot and causes symptoms such as foot pain. It should be noted that although some people have flat feet, But they didn’t feel unwell. Only those who felt pain, It is called morbid to affect the ability of walkers. The arch of the human foot is not born, For infants under 2 ~ 3 years old, because the bone and plantar tendon structure are nearly equal in length, And the muscles and tendons of the feet are not yet fully strong, Almost all the soles of the feet are flat, You can’t see the arch of the foot. During the growth and development of children, The attachment point of the ligament to the bone will not change, However, due to the uneven growth rate of plantar bones and ligaments, The growth rate of bone is higher than that of ligament, When the bone grows longer than the ligament, Only the plantar bones become upwards, The arch of the foot is formed. If you deviate from this normal development process, Causing insufficient arch curvature, It may become congenital flat foot or high arch. However, some acquired diseases, For example, trauma, etc., may also lead to flat feet. People’s feet can be divided into three basic types: flat arch, normal arch and high arch. There is a simple way to determine the arch type of one’s feet: the soles of the feet are stained with water, step on the ground, check the footprints, and see most of them, which may be low arch or flat arch. If you see about half of it, it may be a high arch. Flat feet are harmful! Foot plays an important role in human standing and walking, and the harm of flat foot is far more than sole pain. Flat feet change people’s walking posture, the outside and inside of the heel are easy to wear and tear, and the heel is also easy to be injured. When standing, walking or running for a long time, Without good support, After the arch of the foot disappears, it cannot play a buffering role. Its speed, endurance and explosive force are not as good as normal. Feet, leg, waist, knee, neck, etc. are prone to fatigue and pain. The impact of external forces on spine, brain and internal organs is also not buffered and may be damaged. Severe flat feet can cause complications in other parts. For example, degeneration of foot joints such as subtalar joint, arthritis, stress fatigue fracture of metatarsal bone, etc., resulting in obvious pain in the foot, may even further affect the pelvis in the late stage, causing the thigh and pelvic frame to tilt and rotate, causing the pelvis or tail vertebra to move down, forming scoliosis of spine, resulting in oblique shoulder. How many kinds of flat feet are there? According to the origin of the disease, it can be divided into congenital and acquired. Congenital flat foot is arch collapse caused by congenital factors. Including short development of the first metatarsal bone, congenital hereditary flatfoot, Has certain family heredity, However, not all flat-footed fathers or mothers have babies with flat feet. There are many causes of acquired flatfoot, Such as posterior tibial tendon insufficiency, joint degeneration, trauma, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, neuropathy and tumors, Among them, posterior tibial tendon insufficiency is the most common cause. Apart from congenital factors, It is also possible to form flat feet for a series of reasons. Such as obesity, standing for too long, bearing too much weight, nutrition, insufficient rest, foot ligaments or muscles gradually develop chronic strain and atrophy, Causing rupture of the plantar spring ligament and plantar aponeurosis, Causing progressive collapse of the medial longitudinal arch, etc. According to the formation characteristics, flatfoot can be divided into soft (plastic) flatfoot and hard (rigid) flatfoot. Distinguishing what type of flatfoot the patient is is crucial to determining the treatment plan. Soft flatfoot refers to when standing, The weight load causes the arch of the foot to collapse or disappear. When there is no weight load or the foot is lifted, the arch returns to normal. This type of frequently-occurring disease occurs in infants and young children. Mainly by the foot fat is thicker, It is caused by less muscle strength. Hard flat feet are used when the feet are loaded or not. The arch of the foot all collapsed or disappeared, This type of flatfoot is mainly caused by abnormal metatarsal, scaphoid and cuneiform bones that form the arch of the foot and their mutual positions. Regular treatment of flatfoot is the key. Specific treatment measures for flatfoot must depend on the condition of the disease. Whether conservative treatment or surgical treatment, All must be carried out under the guidance of foot and ankle surgeons in regular hospitals. Incorrect treatment and health care methods are likely to backfire. It can accelerate the development of deformity or cause irreversible foot damage. Early soft flatfoot can often partially correct and delay the development of flatfoot through manipulative correction, orthopedic insole, orthopedic shoe shaping and other methods. Early hard flatfoot patients, It is also possible to prevent the development of flatfoot deformity by using non-surgical methods to treat the primary disease, reduce the ligament tension supporting the arch of the foot, and improve the alignment of the hind foot. Common methods include plaster fixation, arch pad, orthopedic shoes, braces, weight loss, etc. At present, There is some controversy about the therapeutic significance of arch pad, Please choose according to the doctor’s advice. For patients with severe symptoms of rigid flat feet, For example, those who have affected their lives, those who have failed conservative treatment, Even accompanied by bone morphological changes such as subluxation or dislocation of calcaneus and talus joint, Surgical treatment is required. The specific plan needs to vary from person to person according to the evaluation results and the subjective wishes of the patients. The principle of flatfoot surgery is to correct the deformity of the foot, restore the shape of the arch of the foot, To improve foot function. Anyway, For flat feet, Early diagnosis and intervention are very important. If the child’s feet are suspected to be flat, It is recommended that you take your child to a regular hospital. Don’t neglect to delay the best treatment period. Tip: Stop-and-go, Up and down, Feet gives the most and gets the least attention. A good pair of shoes can make a good health. Here’s how to choose a pair of suitable shoes for life according to the arch of the foot. 1. If the arch of the foot is normally bent, Shoes with hard insole and moderate heel stability should be selected. 2. If the arch of the foot is low or flat, a pair of shoes with hard and stable uppers and good arch support should be selected. The heel should not have heels. 3. If the arch of the foot is high, shoes with shock absorbing insole, soft sole and high heel stability should be selected.